解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerged infectious disease with a significant morbidity and mortality. The major clinical features include persistent fever, chills/rigor, myalgia, malaise, dry cough, headache, and dyspnoea. Older subjects may present without the typical febrile response. Common lab...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.020263
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Two questions were addressed: (1) How much physical activity do patients with diabetes perform? (2) What are the perceived factors that prevent patients from doing more physical activity? RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Interview based questionnaires were distributed to consecutive patients attending the Diabetes ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.010553
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diuretics are used extensively in hospitals and in community medical practice for the management of cardiovascular diseases. They are used frequently as the first line treatment for mild to moderate hypertension and are an integral part of the management of symptomatic heart failure. Although diuretics have been used ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.010835
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines have not been examined collectively for their impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Whether intensive outpatient follow up of COPD patients after acute admission, using these guidelines, improved quality of life compared to the "usual practice" ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.012831
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Colonoscopy is the best way of imaging the colon with concurrent biopsy and treatment. However it is expensive, requires full bowel preparation, and carries a risk of complications. Flexible sigmoidoscopy is an alternative way to investigate symptoms that raise the suspicion of a lesion of the rectum or left...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.008540
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most consultants are involved in the training and assessment of several grades of doctors in training especially senior house officers (SHOs) and specialist registrars. In the medical and other specialties there is an increasing trend towards assessing junior doctors' competency using the record of in-training assessm...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.011718
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need to restrain service users will vary according to the area of practice within which practitioners are employed. Many of the principles that relate to the issue of restraining service users are, however, applicable to all, or most, health and social care settings. While the emphasis should be on pre-emptive act...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.2003.007302
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colonic strictures are very common and are a frequent finding on double contrast barium examination; they very often reflect the presence of malignancy, diverticular disease, ischaemia, inflammatory bowel disease, and rarely mycobacterial disease. A case of mycobacterial disease mimicking malignancy is presented; this...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 59 year old woman presented with acute onset of fever, chills, diaphoresis, vague chest discomfort, and was found to be hypotensive and tachypnoeic. An electrocardiogram demonstrated sinoatrial block with a junctional rhythm between 50 and 80 beats/min. All cultures were negative and imaging studies unrevealing. Her...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.937.657
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effective management of constipation in childhood requires an understanding of the ways that the physical and psychological factors interact. The early difficulty with defecation that leads to pain, fear, and refusal to use the pot or lavatory often progresses to the formation of vicious cycles of increasing faeca...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.937.616
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer is receiving ever more publicity with the result that more men are having their prostate specific antigen checked and a greater proportion of men are diagnosed with potentially curable localised disease. Advances in the therapeutic modalities including radical surgery, external beam radiotherapy, and b...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.936.575
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumoconiosis is still a health problem in Turkey and has a relatively high incidence. Retired underground miners were investigated to document alveolitis, and to observe the difference in the cellular profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid with or without pneumoconiosis. Twenty nine retired male miners and 1...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.935.527
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical views about the clinical value and potential detrimental effect on quality of life of postoperative follow up are divided. There is no literature on the views of British patients with colorectal cancer towards the follow up process. AIM:To investigate patients' views and experiences of follow up of ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.933.403
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthcare workers have a high risk of occupational exposure, more so in developing countries, with high incidence of blood borne diseases and prevalence of unsafe practices. Among the various blood borne diseases, the most common and important ones are HIV infection, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Most of the occupati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.932.324
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can rarely present with pre-excited atrial fibrillation. In this condition the short refractory period of the accessory pathway can lead to rapid atrioventricular conduction. There is then a danger that at high heart rates the irregular broad complex tachycardia that results can dete...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.931.297
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric cancer is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. There are several risk factors, with occupation emerging as one of these. There is considerable evidence that occupations in coal and tin mining, metal processing, particularly steel and iron, and rubber manufacturing industries lead to an increased ris...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.931.252
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral vitamin B12 can provide an effective alternative to intramuscular injections, so giving patients a choice and reducing costs in primary care. This study investigated the effectiveness, safety, and acceptability of oral vitamin B12 as replacement therapy in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency in a city general pr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.930.218
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The term "natural childbirth" denotes an approach to childbirth characterised by a bias towards physical and mental hygiene in the management of pregnancy and labour. It emerged in Britain in the interwar period, partly as a response to the growing interventionism of mainstream obstetrics. Its appeal since then has re...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.929.168
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a very common disorder, which results in an increase in fracture risk. The annual cost attributable to hip, vertebral, and wrist fractures in England and Wales is pound 1.7 billion. Significant mortality and morbidity are associated with osteoporotic fractures. The method that is most widely used for t...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.929.133
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 46 year old Nigerian man presented with a four week history of progressive bilateral visual loss. He had been unwell, with weight loss, fever, and night sweats for six months. Dilated fundoscopy revealed macular haemorrhages and diffuse Roth's spots. The patient was found to be severely anaemic and a bone marrow asp...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.928.108
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a hereditary, idiopathic, generalised epilepsy and is found in 5%-11% of patients with epilepsy. It is characterised by myoclonic jerks, occasional generalised tonic-clonic seizures, and sometimes absence seizures. JME continues to be under-appreciated and under-diagnosed. Accurate...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.928.78
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altogether 42 million people worldwide have been infected with HIV, and 12 million have died over the last 20 years. Effective antiretroviral therapy has lead to sustained HIV viral suppression and immunological recovery in patients who have been infected with the virus. The incidence of AIDS has declined in the Weste...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.79.927.36
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shaken baby syndrome is the most common cause of death or serious neurological injury resulting from child abuse. It is specific to infancy, when children have unique anatomic features. Subdural and retinal haemorrhages are markers of shaking injury. An American radiologist, John Caffey, coined the name whiplash shake...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.926.732
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 75 year old woman was treated for over three years with the somatostatin analogue, octreotide for an insulinoma. She had presented in a hypoglycaemic coma. C-peptide and insulin concentrations were both raised and an area of increased vascularity within the pancreas was shown by angiography. No lesion was found at l...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.924.623
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is a paradigm in cancer treatment that early detection and treatment improves survival. However, although screening measures lead to a higher rate of detection, for small bulk localised prostate cancer it remains unclear whether early detection and early treatment will lead to an overall decrease in mortality. The ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.924.590
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most vertebral haemangiomas are asymptomatic. A case of spinal reconstruction for symptomatic extraosseous thoracic haemangioma using a titanium cage is reported. Radiographs of the T11 vertebra demonstrated characteristic vertical striations. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography showed spinal cord compr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.923.559
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor neurone disease (MND), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is a neurodegenerative disorder of unknown aetiology. Progressive motor weakness and bulbar dysfunction lead to premature death, usually from respiratory failure. Confirming the diagnosis may initially be difficult until the full clinical features ar...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.923.513
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. Biliary obstruction is an unusual presentation. A case where the initial investigations were consistent with carcinoma of the head of pancreas but the resection specimen showed no malignancy is present...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.922.498
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty two cases of tuberculosis of the breast encountered over a 15 year period and accounting for 3% of all breast lesions are reported. The classic presentation was a breast lump with associated sinus in 39%, isolated breast lump in 23%, sinus without lump in 12%, and tender nodularity in 23% of the patients. Associ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.921.422
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that endoscopic haemostasis is beneficial for patients with a bleeding peptic ulcer. The relevance of such data to management outside of RCTs is unclear. Therefore we examined management of patients with a bleeding peptic ulcer in a UK teaching hospital. METHOD...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.920.347
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Balkan context education in general practice varies greatly and it is in different stages of reorganisation and curriculum development. The postgraduate training in family medicine in Albania started in January 1997 with the goal of providing future family doctors with the proper knowledge, skills, attitudes, a...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.919.308
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In less than ideal situations wounds have to be closed without extensive cleaning using sterile adhesive strips (Steristrips). This prospective analyses the efficiency of this technique and compares it to the more conventional approach. METHODS:Altogether 147 lacerations were closed with sterile strips with...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.919.281
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients with a rise in cardiac troponin T (cTnT) concentrations during the course of lobar pneumonia, without any evidence of acute coronary syndrome or renal failure, are presented. The increase in cTnT concentration is considered a highly sensitive marker of cardiac injury, although it may also rise in other co...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.918.244
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasites in the human breast are uncommon but not rare. Cysticercus and filariasis in fine needle breast aspirates have been documented and their cytomorphology is well characterised. However, the host tissue response to these parasites and the factors responsible for their initiation are not clear. Over a 21 year pe...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.917.165
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the current attitudes towards the prevention of venous thromboembolism among a cohort of surgeons. DESIGN:A postal survey, comprising a questionnaire covering various aspects of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis was sent to all (n=84) consultant general surgeons in Wales. RESULTS:Replies were re...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.916.88
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although several modalities are available to investigate oesophageal motility disorders, manometry is the gold standard. The procedure is increasingly available in district general hospitals but the clinical utility of this investigation in this setting remains unclear. The aim in this study was to evaluate the use an...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.78.915.34
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To establish an updated clinical profile of adenocarcinoma of the lung. DESIGN:Retrospective review of clinical charts, chest radiography, and computed tomography of consecutive patients who attended Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong between June 1995 and December 1997. RESULTS:In the 115 patients studied, 13% wer...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.77.913.708
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of post-thyroidectomy hypothyroidism is reported. The patient became euthyroid in three consecutive pregnancies, reverting to hypothyroid within three months of delivery on each occasion. The alteration in thyroid status is attributed to pregnancy related changes in antibody titres, though the laboratory data t...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pmj.77.911.591
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three patients with lung carcinoid related Cushing's syndrome (LCRCS) treated at Frenchay Hospital, Bristol between 1984 and 1994 are described. The first patient presented with hyperpigmentation 13 years after bilateral adrenalectomy. The second patient had no recurrence or metastases 14 years after removal of a typi...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.77.909.464
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phyllodes tumours are rare fibroepithelial lesions that account for less than 1% of all breast neoplasms. With the non-operative management of fibroadenomas widely adopted, the importance of phyllodes tumours today lies in the need to differentiate them from other benign breast lesions. All breast lumps should be trip...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pmj.77.909.428
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00